"Saviya"

[Masud Mahsudov]

ikki-uch yil avval men ham radioda bir boshlovchining qo'pol xatosini eshitgandim... L. N. Tolstoyning bir asari haqida berilgan savolga hech kim javob berolmagandan so'ng boshlovchi o'zi javobni aytayapti "Ko'plab tinglovchilarimiz topa olishmagan ushbu asarning nomi Tolstoyning "Urush va dunyo" asari edi..."
Eshitib hayron qolibman... Nazarimda, savolni ruschadan o'girgan ko'rinadi...

[Pfefferminze]

Dars berib yurgan paytlarimda, talabarimga pilot kim deb savol bergan edim. Jimjitlik hukm surgan edi, ancha davom etgan edi bu jimjitlik. Ikkinchi savolim Venetsiya qayerda joylashganligi haqida edi. Yana jimjitlik hukm surgan edi.
Balki, aybni talabadan emas, aynan, domlalar, ustozlar,o'qituvchi insonlardan izlash kerakdir, chunki talab qanchalik sust bo'lsa, taklif ham shunga yarasha bo'ladi.
Men talabani ayblamayman hech qachon, aybni ustoz sifatida o'zimdan oxtarganman o'sha paytlar. Bilmasa ham nega bilmasligi haqida so'ramas edim, negadir talabalarni ayar edim, ularni hali yosh, ammo bilishga intilish kerakligini tez-tez takrorlar edim.
Bilmaslik ayb emas, bilmasligini bilib turib o'rganmaslik ayb deb hisoblayman...
Talabalar ichida yurishni yaxshi ko'rar edim, shunda ko'p talabalar aynan domlalar darsni yaxshi o'tmasliklari haqida koyib, xafa bo'lib gapirardilar. Ularning gaplarida jon bor.
Shu uchun ustoz degan insonlarni moliyaviy jihatdan yaxshi qo'llab-quvvatlab, ularning o'z ustlarida ko'proq ishlashlari uchun sharoitni yaxshilab berish kerak, menimcha.

[kanishka]

Сообщение от Nargiza Saidova

денгиз оркали хам Арманистонга Хитойдан бориш амри махол... Шу дейман 14 асрда хам савия уртача булган

Bu afsona VII asrda vujudga kelgan, Farhod oddiy eronlik toshtarosh bo`lgan, Shirin arman bo`lmay, Suriyada istiqomat qilgan oromiy qabilasidan kelib chiqqan va Eron shoxi Xisravning sevimli rafiqasi bo`lgan. "Farhod va Shirin" esa XV asrda vujudga kelgan, u payti Chin deganda Shinjon, Mochin deganda hoz. Qirg`iziston shimoli tushunilgan. U payti Amudaryo Orolga emas, Kaspiyga quyilganini hisobga olsak, Movarounnahr orqali Kavkazga suv yo`li mavjud bo`lgan.

[Fayzbek]

Сообщение от kanishka

Bu afsona VII asrda vujudga kelgan, Farhod oddiy eronlik toshtarosh bo`lgan, Shirin arman bo`lmay, Suriyada istiqomat qilgan oromiy qabilasidan kelib chiqqan va Eron shoxi Xisravning sevimli rafiqasi bo`lgan. "Farhod va Shirin" esa XV asrda vujudga kelgan, u payti Chin deganda Shinjon, Mochin deganda hoz. Qirg`iziston shimoli tushunilgan. U payti Amudaryo Orolga emas, Kaspiyga quyilganini hisobga olsak, Movarounnahr orqali Kavkazga suv yo`li mavjud bo`lgan.

Bu ma'lumotlarni nimaga asoslanib beryapsiz? Manba bormi?
Masalan Ho'jayli shahrida Mizdahkan yodgorligi bor shu erda Shomun nabiyni qiziga bir toshtaroshmi, me'mormi hullas g'ayridin yigit oshiq bo'lgan. Yigitga Yozda salqin va qishda iliq bo'ladigan qasr qurish topshirilgan. Bu qurilish yakuniga yetganda bir shummomo qizni yigitga, yigitni qizga o'ldi deb xabar bergan va ular suyitsidga qo'l urushgan. Bu qasr hozir ham bor, Unda ikki qabr ham bor. Biri ayol va ikkinchisi erkak kishi jasadi ekanligi, qazilma ishlar asosida tasdiqlangan. Shomun nabiy esa dinga qavat qilish uchun yuborilgan. Aytishlarisha Iso alayhissalom tarafidan yuborilgan. Yigit esa zardo'shtiylik diniga amal qilgan bo'lishi ham mumkin ekan. Shomun nabiy haqida Islomiy kitoblarda ham ma'lumotlar bor ekanligini eshitganman.
Endi bunga nima deysiz, bu tasodifmi?

[JUS]

Сообщение от Abdulla Karimov

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[kanishka]

Сообщение от Fayzbek

Bu ma'lumotlarni nimaga asoslanib beryapsiz? Manba bormi?

Adashmasam, bu shubhalanarli ma`lumotlar emas. Ko`pchilik kitoblarda, xususan, Natan Mallayevning kitobida ham shu variant berilgan.

Xisrav haqidagi rivoyatlarga murojaat qilgan birinchi musulmon shoiri Firdavsiy, unda Farhod tilga olinmaydi. Xamsachilarda esa shunchaki yon obraz hisoblanadi. Navoiygina uni bosh personaj darajasiga ko`taradi. Farhodga oid syujetni o`zi o`ylab topgan bo`lishi yoki siz keltirganga o`xshash rivoyatlardan foydalangan bo`lishi mumkin.

Amudaryoning Kaspiyga quyilishiga kelsak. Uning Orolga burilishi natijasida Arab Muhammadxon poytaxtni Urganchdan Xivaga ko`chirishga majbur bo`lgan. Bu xattoki darsliklarda keltirilgan. Xorazmlik bo`lsangiz, O`zboy o`zanini bilsangiz kerak.

Сообщение от Fayzbek

Masalan Ho'jayli shahrida Mizdahkan yodgorligi bor shu erda Shomun nabiyni qiziga bir toshtaroshmi, me'mormi hullas g'ayridin yigit oshiq bo'lgan. Yigitga Yozda salqin va qishda iliq bo'ladigan qasr qurish topshirilgan. Bu qurilish yakuniga yetganda bir shummomo qizni yigitga, yigitni qizga o'ldi deb xabar bergan va ular suyitsidga qo'l urushgan. Bu qasr hozir ham bor, Unda ikki qabr ham bor. Biri ayol va ikkinchisi erkak kishi jasadi ekanligi, qazilma ishlar asosida tasdiqlangan. Shomun nabiy esa dinga qavat qilish uchun yuborilgan. Aytishlarisha Iso alayhissalom tarafidan yuborilgan. Yigit esa zardo'shtiylik diniga amal qilgan bo'lishi ham mumkin ekan. Shomun nabiy haqida Islomiy kitoblarda ham ma'lumotlar bor ekanligini eshitganman.
Endi bunga nima deysiz, bu tasodifmi?

O`xshashlik uncha ko`p emas. Undan ko`ra “Iliada” bilan “Ramayana”, “Oddiseya” va “Alpomish” bir-biriga yaqinroq turadi. Siz keltirgan rivoyatning ayrim detallari tasodif bo`lishi mumkin, Navoiy merosidan o`zlashtirilgan yoki, aksincha, Navoiy o`zlashtirgan bo`lishi ham mumkin. O`rganish kerak.

[Fayzbek]

Сообщение от kanishka

Xisrav haqidagi rivoyatlarga murojaat qilgan birinchi musulmon shoiri Firdavsiy, unda Farhod tilga olinmaydi. Xamsachilarda esa shunchaki yon obraz hisoblanadi. Navoiygina uni bosh personaj darajasiga ko`taradi. Farhodga oid syujetni o`zi o`ylab topgan bo`lishi yoki siz keltirganga o`xshash rivoyatlardan foydalangan bo`lishi mumkin.
O`xshashlik uncha ko`p emas. Undan ko`ra “Iliada” bilan “Ramayana”, “Oddiseya” va “Alpomish” bir-biriga yaqinroq turadi. Siz keltirgan rivoyatning ayrim detallari tasodif bo`lishi mumkin, Navoiy merosidan o`zlashtirilgan yoki, aksincha, Navoiy o`zlashtirgan bo`lishi ham mumkin. O`rganish kerak.

Men afsonalar haqida emas aniq o'z ko'zim bilan ko'rgan tog' tepasida qurilgan saroy va ikkita qabr va 2000 yildan oshiq tarix va arxealogik qazilma ishlari natijalari haqida gapiryapman. Hozir menda rasmi yo'q bolsa bu erga joylashtirar edim juda yaxshi holatda saqlangan. Xa o'rganish kerak.

[kanishka]

Сообщение от Fayzbek

Men afsonalar haqida emas aniq o'z ko'zim bilan ko'rgan tog' tepasida qurilgan saroy va ikkita qabr va 2000 yildan oshiq tarix va arxealogik qazilma ishlari natijalari haqida gapiryapman. Hozir menda rasmi yo'q bolsa bu erga joylashtirar edim juda yaxshi holatda saqlangan. Xa o'rganish kerak.

Uzr, bilsam bo`ladimi, qaysi yodgorlik ekan u?

[Fayzbek]

Сообщение от kanishka

Uzr, bilsam bo`ladimi, qaysi yodgorlik ekan u?

Mizdahkan (site of ancient settlement Mizdahkan) is located near the town Khodjeyli, Karakalpakstan. Consists of: fortress Gyaur-kala (about 20 ha, height 18-20 m), founded in 9th century on the place of ancient settlement of 4 century BC - 8 century AD.

Two citadels are situated on its territory: ancient citadel (inhabited during 9-11 centuries) and later citadel (the end of 11 century - the beginning of 12 century). In the beginning of 13 century the life in the fortress is terminated. Nearby there are the necropolis (60 hectares) and the ruins of the Golden Horde city - Antakiya (2nd half of 13-14 century (80 hectares).

Studied: stratigraphy of the fortress, fortification of Gyaur-Kala, the upper horizon of later Citadel (a large courtyard surrounded by ceremonial, residential and business buildings with murals and carvings on the clay); burial places (the end of 8-14 centuries and 16-17 centuries); architectural monuments in the necropolis: mausoleums of Caliph Erejep (12 c.), Muzlum-khan-sulu (end of 13 c. - the beginning of 14 century), Shamun-Nabi (19 c.).

On the territory of the Golden Horde city there are studied the craft-residential neighborhoods and complexes of household ceramics.

Mausoleum Muzlum-khan-sulu (the end of 13 century - the beginning of 14 century)

An extraordinary on the composition and decorative appearance semi-underground mausoleum Muzlum Khan-sulu (the end of 13 - the beginning of 14 centuries) is situated in the northern part of the necropolis of the ancient Mizdahkan.

The exact time of construction and ownership of the mausoleum is not ascertained. According to local legend, initially it was a palace of the khan's daughter Muzlum-sulu (Beautiful martyr). When the city was occupied by "infidels", their leader fell in love with a girl, who returned his love. The enraged father killed Muzlum-sulu, she was buried in her own palace, which was turned into a mausoleum.

The building is constructed in a specially dug pit, only the upper part of the walls, the dome and the arch of the entrance tower above the ground. Asymmetrical in terms the mausoleum with many rooms comprises a cross-shaped in terms of the main hall, adjacent to it a small hall, several small rooms, a long corridor with a staircase and a small lobby. Corridor and walls of the hall carpeted with pair of bricks, tinted by yellow pigment, arranged in a checkerboard pattern with inlays of carved turquoise tiles, having about thirty variations of elegant ornament. The floor of a big hall is paved with brick parquet with mosaic square in the center, composed of turquoise and white hexagonal triangular tiles.

The hall is covered by octagonal dome, resting on the walls and angled three-tiered stalactites. The latter are made of terracotta tiles with embossed stylized plant images, covered with turquoise glaze. On the edge of the dome there were placed window openings covered with ganch grates - pandjara, in cells of which there were inserted thin glass. The entire inner surface of the dome was faced with large turquoise stones. The small hall was made in the same style, but more artless than others. Small dark rooms, covered with arches "Balkhi", devoid of decoration.

In the niches of the central hall two tombstones are settled, their polychrome incrustation differs from the decoration of the mausoleum. Here on the blue background there is a stamped floral ornament, combining blue, white and black color with gilding. Epitaphs contain philosophical and meditative poems without names and dates. They performed in handwriting "naskh" and covered with white glaze.

Outside, household and residential buildings, where the pilgrims stayed, adjoined to the walls of the mausoleum. It is assumed that the premises of the mausoleum was a place of worship, genetically related to the pre-Islamic beliefs of the population Mizdahkan.

By: Historian and archaeologist Elizabeth Nekrasova.

http://www.uztour.biz/en/guide/mizdakhan.htm

[Nigora Umarova]

Сообщение от Fayzbek

Mizdahkan (site of ancient settlement Mizdahkan) is located near the town Khodjeyli, Karakalpakstan. Consists of: fortress Gyaur-kala (about 20 ha, height 18-20 m), founded in 9th century on the place of ancient settlement of 4 century BC - 8 century AD.

[MOD]Fayzbek!
Mavzu o'zbek tilida ochilganligi uchun ham keltirgan ma'lumotingizni o'zbek tilida yozishingizni so'rardim.

[/MOD]